What is Long Dan?
Long Dan (scientific name:
Gentiana scabra Bunge), which is also called
Gentiana scabra, is a perennial herb of the family Gentianaceae and Gentiana, up to 60 cm high. Rhizome prostrate or erect, with numerous stout, slightly fleshy fibrous roots. Flowering branch is solitary, erect, hollow, nearly round, the lower part of the branch is membranous, lavender, scale-shaped, and the apex is separated, the middle and upper leaves are subleathery, sessile, ovate or ovate-lanceolate to linear lanceolate, veins inconspicuous above, protruding below, rough. Many flowers, clustered branch tops and leaf axils; no pedicels; bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, nearly as long as calyx, lobes often reversed or spread out, linear or linear-lanceolate, margins rough, corolla blue Purple, sometimes with many yellow-green spots on the throat, tubular bell-shaped, filaments subulate, anthers narrowly oblong, ovary narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, capsules contained, broadly elliptic, seeds brown, shiny, Linear or spindle-shaped, flowering and fruiting from May to November.
Gentiana scabra
The roots and rhizomes of Gentiana scabra are used as medicine. Its taste is bitter, cold in nature. Return liver, gallbladder channel. Clearing away heat and dampness, purging liver and gallbladder excess fire etc. Indications for hypertension, dizziness, tinnitus, cholecystitis, acute infectious hepatitis, genital itching, damp heat jaundice, boils and carbuncles, bitter mouth and convulsions, etc. It is a good medicine for protecting the liver and gallbladder.
Types of Long Dan
Long Dan
Perennial herb, 30-60cm high. The rhizome is short, and there are many slender roots clustered on it, up to 30cm long. Flower stems solitary, unbranched. Leaves opposite; sessile; lower leaves scale-like, base connate, 5-10mm long, middle and upper leaves nearly leathery, leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate.
Leaf Long Dan
The difference between Leaf Long Dan and Long Dan is that the leaves are thick, nearly leathery, sessile, the upper leaves are linear-lanceolate to linear, the base is blunt, and the margins are slightly rolled out. Flowers 1-2; calyx lobes linear-lanceolate, longer than or equal to calyx tube; apex of corolla lobes acuminate.
Three Flower Long Dan
The difference between Three Flower Long Dan and the above two species is that the middle and upper leaves are nearly leathery, linear-lanceolate to linear, and the base is round. Flowers 3, rarely 5; calyx lobes narrowly triangular, shorter than calyx tube; corolla lobes obtusely rounded at apex.
Dian Long Dan (Jian Long Dan)
Dian Long Dan (Jian Long Dan) differs from the first three species in stem: no rosette leaves, many pairs of cauline leaves, type II, 2-4 pairs of lower leaves, scale-like, middle and upper leaves ovate-oblong, Obovate or egg-shaped, base wedge-shaped, margin slightly rolled out. There are many flowers, the top of the clustered branches is head-shaped, sparsely axillary, surrounded by the uppermost bract-like leaves; the calyx lobes are irregular, 2 large, obovate-oblong, the base is narrowed into claws; the stamens are borne Born in the lower part of the crown tube. Seeds yellowish brown.
Growth environment of Long Dan
Londan is distributed in Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan; it is also distributed in Russia, North Korea, and Japan.
Londan grows in hillside meadows, roadsides, river beaches, bushes, forest margins, forests, and meadows at an altitude of 400-1700 meters.
Processing methods of Long Dan
Collection and processing
Spring and autumn excavation, the quality of excavation in the middle and late October of autumn is better, the larger ones are selected to remove the stems and leaves, washed and dried.
Processing method
Long Dan
Take the original medicinal materials, remove impurities and residual stems, wash, moisten until thoroughly, cut into thick slices or segments, dry, and sieve to remove debris.
Wine Long Dan
Take Long Dan slices or segments, spray a certain amount of rice wine, mix well, and moisten it slightly. After the wine is exhausted, put it in a frying container, heat it with a slow fire, fry it dry, take it out and let it cool, and sift it out crumbs.
For every 100kg of Long Dan slices or segments, use 10kg of rice wine.
Long Dan TCM
Medicine part
The root and rhizome of Gentianae or Gentiana triflora.
Taste
Bitter in the mouth, cold in nature.
Tropism
Return liver, gallbladder meridian.
Effect
Purging liver and gallbladder excess fire, removing damp-heat in lower burnt.
Attending
Control excessive heat in the liver meridian, convulsions, epilepsy and mania, Japanese encephalitis, headache, red eyes, sore throat, jaundice, dysentery, carbuncle sores, swollen and painful scrotum, and wet itching in the genitals. For damp heat jaundice, pruritus vulvae, vaginal discharge, eczema itching, deafness, hypochondriac pain, bitter mouth, convulsions and convulsions.
Dosage
Oral administration: decoction, 3-6g; or into pills or powder.
External application: Appropriate amount, decocted for washing; or powdered for application.
Notice
Contraindicated for those with weak spleen and stomach for venting and no damp-heat excess fire.
Storage
Store in a dry place.
Related discussion
1. "Medical Genesis": Bupleurum bupleurum is the main ingredient, and gentian is the main ingredient. It is also the medicine that must be used in the treatment of eye diseases. Treat jaundice, red eyes, swollen eyes, raised blood stasis, unbearable pain. "Secrets of Indications" says: control rheumatism and damp heat in the lower part, swelling and pain from below the navel to the foot, and cold-damp beriberi.
2. "Compendium": treat sore throat, wind-heat night sweats. The phase fire resides in the liver and gallbladder, and it is purging but not tonic. Therefore, the benefit of gentian is that it can relieve the pathogenic heat in the liver and gallbladder. However, if it is very bitter and cold, if you take it too much, you may hurt the gas in the stomach, which will help the fire evil, and if you take Coptidis for a long time, it will cause cremation.
Long Dan Cao benefits
Clearing away heat and dampness
Long Dan Cao is bitter in taste and cold in nature, and returns to the liver and gallbladder meridians. It has the effect of clearing away heat and dampness, especially good at clearing damp heat in the lower energizer. It can be used to treat damp-heat jaundice, genital swelling, vaginal itching, vaginal discharge, eczema itching, etc. caused by damp heat in the lower energizer. disease.
Purging liver and gallbladder fire
Long Dan Cao can also enter the liver and gallbladder meridian, which can relieve liver and gallbladder fire. It can be used to treat diseases such as liver fire, headache, conjunctival congestion and deafness, tear pain and mouth pain. certain therapeutic effect.
Antibacterial
Modern medicine believes that Long Dan Cao can be used to treat diseases such as hepatocellular jaundice, obstructive jaundice, and hemolytic jaundice. migraine, tension migraine, suppurative otitis media, etc.
Long Dan side effects
1. Long-term use will lead to impairment of spleen and stomach function, and patients may experience nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and other gastrointestinal symptoms.
2. Taking a large amount of Long Dan Caoat one time can also cause dizziness, headache and other symptoms.
3. Long Dan has contraindications. People who are allergic to gentian should not use gentian, and those with weak spleen and stomach and diarrhea should not use gentian.
Long Dan uses
Decoction
Long Dan, plantain seed, akebia, rehmannia, yellow tea each 5g, Alisma 12g, angelica 3g, Bupleuri and licorice 6g each. Decoct in water, remove slag, and serve warm.
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang, the name of a traditional Chinese medicine prescription. As a heat-clearing agent, it has the effects of clearing viscera heat, clearing liver and gallbladder excess fire, and clearing damp-heat in the liver meridian. Indications liver and gallbladder excess fire syndrome. Headache, conjunctival congestion, hypochondriac pain, bitter mouth, deafness, ear swelling, red tongue with yellow coating, thready and strong pulse; liver meridian damp-heat syndrome. Vaginal swelling, vulvar itching, tendon flaccidity, sweating, turbid urine, or women with yellow and smelly vaginal discharge, red tongue with yellow greasy coating, and strong pulse. Clinically, it is often used to treat the symptoms of high blood syndrome of yin deficiency but not serious, yang hyperactivity but not strong, trichomonal vaginitis, pruritus vulvae, leukorrhea and other syndromes.
Make drinks
Gentiana scabra 5g, honey 20g. Wash the gentian first, dry it in the sun, cut it into small pieces, soak it in water for a while, boil it for 30 minutes, filter it with clean gauze to get the juice, add honey while it is warm, mix well and serve. Take it once in the morning and in the evening.
Made into powder or pill
Long Dan Xie Gan Wan
Long Dan Xie Gan Wan has the effect of clearing liver-fire and promoting damp-heat. It is used for the treatment of red eyes, bitter mouth, irritability and irritability caused by liver-fire, dizziness, ear swelling and pain caused by damp-heat in liver and gallbladder, hypochondriac pain, bitter mouth, red urine and astringent pain, and damp and hot conditions.
External use
When the skin of the human body is sunburned, there will be obvious symptoms such as itching or redness. At this time, Gentiana scabra can be used for cleaning to achieve the purpose of reducing inflammation or swelling.
How to choose Long Dan?
Genuine
Northern Long Dan roots have a yellow-brown surface, and the xylem of the cross-section is arranged in yellow-white dot-like circles. West Long Dan, the surface of the root is reddish-brown, and the xylem of the cross-section is arranged in rings of yellow-white dots. Guizhou Long Dan, the root surface is yellow-brown, brittle and easy to break. The xylem of the section has a yellow center.
Counterfeit
The fake Long Dan white has an irregular stem with a sunken stem mark on the upper end. Root surface is brownish black. Hard and brittle, easy to break. Cross-section floury, white, woody yellow.
How to buy Long Dan?
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