Shan Yao

Content
1. What is Shan Yao?
    1.1 Morphological characteristics of Shan Yao
2. Growth environment of Shan Yao
3. Cultivation techniques of Shan Yao
4. Shan Yao benefits
5. Shan Yao herb
6. Shan Yao TCM
7. How to buy Shan Yao?

Shan Yao is the name of Chinese herbal medicine, it is also known as Yam. its scientific name is Dioscorea polystachya Turczaninow. It is the dried rhizome of Dioscorea polystachya Turczaninow. it is harvested from November to December, the root head is cut off, the soil is washed, and the outer skin is scraped off with a bamboo knife and dried in the sun or dried, which is the hairy yam. Select coarse hairy yam, soak it well with clear water, then add slight heat and cover it with the cotton quilt to keep it moist and smothered, then put it on a wooden board and roll it into a cylindrical shape, cut both ends flush, dry it and beat it, that is, light yam. Functions: Strengthening the spleen, tonifying the lung, strengthening the kidney, and benefiting the essence. It is used for treating spleen deficiency diarrhea, prolonged dysentery, deficiency cough, thirst, spermatorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and frequent urination. Tonifying the spleen and nourishing the stomach, generating fluid and benefiting the lung, tonifying the kidney and astringent essence. It is used for deficiency of the spleen with little food, prolonged diarrhea, deficiency of lungs with asthma and cough, deficiency of the kidney with spermatorrhea, dysmenorrhea, frequent urination, and deficiency of heat and thirst. Bran-fried yam tonifies the spleen and strengthens the stomach. Used for deficiency of spleen with little food, diarrhea and loose stools, and excessive leucorrhea.

Shan Yao is a perennial twining herb. Tuber flesh trade thick, slightly cylindrical, vertical growth, up to 1 m long, 2-7 cm in diameter, outer skin gray-brown, with fibrous roots. The stem is slender, trailing, usually purplish, angular, smooth, and glabrous. Leaves opposite or in whorls of 3 leaves, often with pearl buds (named zero remainders) in the leaf axils; leaf blade variable in shape, triangular-ovate to triangular-wide-ovate, 3.5-7 cm long, 2-4.5 cm wide, usually auriculate-3-lobed, central lobe apex acuminate, both lobes rounded-eared, base hastate-cordate, both surfaces smooth and glabrous; leaf veins 7-9 basal; petiole slender, 1.5-3.5 cm long. Flowers unisexual, dioecious; flowers very small, yellowish green, in spikes; male inflorescences erect, 2 to several aggregated in leaf axils, rachis mostly zigzag; flowers small, subsessile, bracts triangular-ovate; perianth 6, elliptic, apex obtuse; stamens 6, filaments very short; female inflorescences pendulous, 2 bracts of unequal size at the base of each flower, bracts broadly ovate, apex long acuminate; perianth 6; ovary inferior, long ellipsoid, 3-loculated, stigma 3-lobed. Capsule 3-winged, fruiting wings several times as long as wide. Seeds flat-ovoid, broadly winged. July to August. The fruiting period is from September to October. The vine of this plant (yam vine) and the pearl buds between the axils of the leaves (zeroyuzi) are also used for medicinal purposes.

Shan Yao is wild in mountainous sunny places, likes warmth, is hardy, and can overwinter in the north with a slight line of cover. Since yam is a deep-rooted plant, the cultivation area should choose deep, well-drained, loose, and fertile sandy loam soil. Soil pH to neutral best, if the soil is acidic, easy to produce branched roots and root nodules, affecting the yield and quality of roots; too alkaline, its roots cannot fully downward growth. Therefore, in the southern region of China, cultivation in the more acidic soil should be applied to the appropriate amount of lime, in order to neutralize the soil acidity.

The underground roots are dug out in October every year, and the upper part of the reed head of Shan Yao Chinese Yam is folded down 15-25cm long and slightly exposed to sunlight to make the water evaporate. 2-3d after sunlight, the wound is healed and put into indoor or outdoor storage pits. The depth of the pit and the thickness of the cover soil in order not to make the reed head frost degree, Henan pit depth of 40cm, cover soil 6cm when the day is cold cover soil to 10cm. keep moist. In April of the following year (from Ching Ming to Gu Yu), take out, plant in the border at a distance of 30-45cm between rows and 18-20cm between plants, open a trench, put the rutabagas in the trench in order and cover with soil.

In mid-April, take out the pearl buds (yam beans) harvested in the previous autumn from the pits, dry them slightly, and plant them with a row spacing of 30cm and a plant spacing of 10-15cm, with a trench depth of 6cm, put the pearl buds into the trench, cover the soil with 6cm, and the buds will emerge in about 1 month.

After the seedlings emerge, a support should be set up to make the stems and vines grow upward. The material of the stand is not limited, bamboo poles, Panicum straw, and tree branches can be used. During May-August, fertilizer should be chased in stages, mainly manure and stable fertilizer, which can be applied in combination with watering or scattered next to the roots. When it rains after watering, the soil is too wet, which will make the roots not grow downward and form forked roots. Therefore, attention should be paid to drainage work during the rainy season, and watering should be moderate. Too much watering is also easy to cause rust disease, which makes early leaf drop and affects the yield of roots.

Shan Yao is rhizoma Dioscorea opposita, and Huai Shan Yao is the best among Shanyao, which is a dual-use vegetable with high nutritional value and a portion of healthy food with the effect of improving physical fitness, strengthening the spleen and stomach, nourishing the kidney and benefiting the essence.

Dioscorea in yam is known as the natural "mother of hormones", it can promote the synthesis of endocrine hormones, enhance the metabolism of skin epidermal cells and skin moisturizing function, and improve the physique.

Shan Yao is good for strengthening the digestive and absorption functions of the spleen and stomach and is a medicinal and dietary tonic for the spleen and stomach. Whether the spleen Yang deficiency or stomach Yin deficiency can be eaten. Clinically, it is often used with gastrointestinal drinks to treat weakness of the spleen and stomach, less food, body fatigue, diarrhea, and other diseases.

Shanyao has the function of strengthening the body, nourishing the kidney, and benefiting the essence. All kidney deficiency spermatorrhea, women’s leucorrhea, frequent urination, and other diseases, can be served.

Huai Shan Yao, Hei Zhi Ma, Ou Fen, Jing Mi, Bai tang.

Shan Yao Cha benefits qi and blood, darkens beard and hair, and anti-aging and anti-osteoporosis.

Shan Yao and Gan Cao are both sweet and mild in nature, and they both enter the spleen and lung with the function of nourishment, but Shan Yao still has the power to nourish yin, and Gan Cao has the function of generating fluid and quenching thirst. The combination of the two herbs, which are sweet, slow, and bland in nature, can be regarded as a tonic for the spleen and lungs without being too harsh, nourishing yin and generating fluid without fearing its nourishment.

Mao Shan Yao is cylindrical, curved, and slightly flattened, about 15-30 cm long, 1.5-6 box meters in diameter, yellowish white or brownish yellow surface, with obvious longitudinal wrinkles and not removed from the embolism, and a few root scars. Hard, white, granular, and powdery in cross-section. The smell is slight, tastes sweet and slightly sour, chewed sticky.

Guang Shan Yao is smooth and cylindrical, 10-20 cm long and 2-4 cm in diameter. Surface light yellow-white, smooth. Hard texture, not easy to break, white, powdered on the broken side. The smell is slight, slightly sweet taste sour, and chewed sticky. The solid quality, powdered enough, white color is better. Mainly produced in Henan. In addition, Hunan, Hubei, Shanxi, Yunnan, Hebei, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, and other places were also produced. Generally, the best quality is produced in Boai, Qingyang, Wuzhi, Wenxian, and other places in Henan Province (belonging to the ancient Huaiqing), and is commonly called Huai yam. In addition to the above-mentioned authentic yam, in a few areas there are still tubers of Japanese Dioscorea (mostly wild in the provinces south of the Yangtze River, its tubers are customarily called wild yam, earth yam, the original plant seen in the windmill child article), triangular leaf Dioscorea (distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Tibet) and other kinds of Dioscorea plant tubers are also used as Shan Yao Chinese Yam.

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